Public/Private Human Access to Space – Vol. 2 – Earth Orbit and beyond, Published in January 2018, 88 pages. The chartered theme of the cosmic study group is “Public/Private Human Access to Space,” informally referred to in this report as the “Human Orbital Market” or the “HOM” cosmic study group. The goal of the HOM cosmic study is to estimate the emergence of HOMs for different countries or regions around the world. This cosmic study employs a five-phase approach that incorporates multiple research methods. Due to the complexity of collecting meaningful data, and the inherent uncertainty of data in emerging markets, a primary focus is put on basic discovery activities (identifying relevant archival and statistical data) and qualitative assessments. The five analysis phases of the HOM cosmic study approach include: • Phase 1. Target Market Assessment: Identifying the specific human orbital space markets being targeted. • Phase 2. Literature Review: Conduct a search of the open, available literature (publicly available, for free or for a fee) of relevant reports and articles. • Phase 3. Entrepreneurial Environment Assessment: Identify relevant political, legal, capital, historical and cultural factors and structures. • Phase 4. National HOM Industry Competitiveness Assessment: Identify the set of industries that comprise, support, or are related to the identified human orbital space markets, using a standardized methodology. • Phase 5. HOM Industry Emergence Assessment: Qualitatively evaluate the likelihood that these industry clusters are sufficient for the eventual natural evolution of human orbital space markets.